Which element is commonly used as a catalyst in hydrogen fuel cells, contributing to higher costs?

Which element is commonly used as a catalyst in hydrogen fuel cells, contributing to higher costs?

• A. Platinum.
• B. Iron.
• C. Copper.
• D. Aluminum.

Answer: (A)

In hydrogen fuel cells, a catalyst speeds the key electrode reactions so the cell can produce electricity efficiently at moderate temperatures. Platinum is the element most commonly used because it delivers exceptionally high catalytic activity for both the hydrogen oxidation reaction at the anode and the oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode, especially in the acidic environment of most fuel cells. This means reactions proceed quickly, allowing high current and good durability under operating conditions. However, platinum is rare and expensive, so the catalyst adds significantly to the overall cost of the cell. Researchers try to reduce Pt loading, use Pt-based alloys to get more activity per atom, or develop alternative catalysts, but matching platinum’s performance while cutting cost remains challenging.

In hydrogen fuel cells, a catalyst speeds the key electrode reactions so the cell can produce electricity efficiently at moderate temperatures. Platinum is the element most commonly used because it delivers exceptionally high catalytic activity for both the hydrogen oxidation reaction at the anode and the oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode, especially in the acidic environment of most fuel cells. This means reactions proceed quickly, allowing high current and good durability under operating conditions. However, platinum is rare and expensive, so the catalyst adds significantly to the overall cost of the cell. Researchers try to reduce Pt loading, use Pt-based alloys to get more activity per atom, or develop alternative catalysts, but matching platinum’s performance while cutting cost remains challenging.